Lifestyle Factors and Hypertension among Adolescents: a Cross-Sectional Study
Keywords:
Adolescent health, hypertension, lifestyleAbstract
Background: Hypertension is an increasing health issue among adolescents and may lead to early cardiovascular morbidity if not detected early. Lifestyle behaviors such as diet, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) are strongly associated with adolescent blood pressure levels.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in March–April 2025 among 120 adolescents aged 15–18 years in senior high schools in Temanggung Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using structured questionnaires on lifestyle (diet, physical activity, smoking) and blood pressure measurement using a digital sphygmomanometer. Chi-square test was used to analyze associations between lifestyle factors and hypertension.
Results: The prevalence of hypertension among participants was 14.2%. Hypertension was significantly associated with overweight/obesity (p=0.001), low physical activity (p=0.012), and high-salt diet (p=0.021). No significant association was found with smoking (p=0.165).
Conclusion: Lifestyle factors such as BMI, physical activity, and diet are strongly associated with hypertension among adolescents. Preventive interventions through school-based education and routine screening are essential to reduce long-term cardiovascular risks
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