Tinjauan Sistematis: Efek Kontaminasi dari Tailing Pertambangan terhadap Kesehatan Masyarakat

Ayudhia Rachmawati, Danang Wahansa Sugiarto

Abstract


Tailing menjadi salah satu bahaya pencemar yang dapat memicu terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan apabila tidak dikelola dengan baik. Potensi dampak kesehatan timbul jika kontaminan memiliki kontak secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung dengan populasi di sekitar lokasi pertambangan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meringkas beberapa artikel ilmiah yang relevan dan mencakup adanya bahan pencemar yang terkandung dalam tailing pertambangan, serta untuk menilai beberapa gambaran dampak kesehatan yang terjadi. Artikel ini menggunakan metode tinjauan sistematik. Pencarian literatur menggunakan tiga basis data ilmiah, yakni PubMed, Sage Journal, dan Wiley Online Library yang dipublikasikan dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Kriteria inklusi termasuk kontaminasi yang berasal dari tailing pertambangan, dampak kesehatan berupa manisfestasi penyakit maupun penilaian risiko (non-karsinogenik dan karsinogenik), subjek penelitian dilalukan pada manusia, serta merupakan penelitian original. Terdapat 353 artikel yang diambil pada seleksi awal, dan di akhir terdapat 7 artikel yang dimasukkan ke dalam tinjauan sistematis. Artikel yang terpilih menunjukkan bahwa berbagai macam polutan yang berasal dari tailing pertambangan berpotensi menimbulkan berbagai masalah kesehatan berupa lesi kulit hingga persalinan obstetric premature. Selain itu, berbagai artikel yang ditinjau juga menggambarkan bahwa kelompok anak-anak memiliki risiko kesehatan yang lebih rentan dibandingkan dengan orang dewasa.


Keywords


Dampak kesehatan masyarakat; Pertambangan; Tailing;

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31983/keslingmas.v42i1.9607

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