FAKTOR RISIKO KEJADIAN STUNTING ANAK USIA 1-2 TAHUN DI DAERAH ROB KOTA PEKALONGAN

Tyas Setiyo Yuniarti, Ani Margawati, Nuryanto Nuryanto

Abstract


Background :Stunting is a short stature caused by chronic malnutrition. Stunting is a result of poor nutrition intake or recurrent infectious disease as area Pekalongan which experienced tidal flooding.

Objective: The aimed of this study is to analyze the risk factors for stunting.

Methods :An observasional study with case control design on children aged 1-2 years at tidal areaNorth Pekalongan sub district. Sample was selected by method consecutive sampling with 37 subjects for each group. Stunting are expressed by high for age z-score. Subject and respondent identity, history of infection, birth weight, birth length, history of exclusively breastfed, hygiene status, mothers’ knowledge about nutrition and economic status was collected using questionnaire. Nutrient intake were obtained from Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Children height was measured using microtoise. Bivariate analyzed with chi-square for determining odds ratio and multivariate with multiple logistic regression.

Result:Risk factor for stunted were protein intake (OR=3,42, 95%CI:1,31-8,90), iron intake (OR=3,08, 95%CI:1,11-8,50), diarrhea (OR=13,33, 95%CI:3,47-51,22), acute respiratory tract infection (OR=7,01, 95%CI:2,06-23,81), history of exclusively breastfed (OR=19,50, 95%CI:5,56-68,36), hygiene status (OR=4,92, 95%CI:1,83-13,1), dan economic status (OR=4,79, 95%CI:1,21-18,9).

Conclusion : Protein intake, iron, diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, history of exclusively breastfed, hygiene status and economic status are risk factor of stunting among children aged 1-2 years in tidal area subdistrict North Pekalongan.


Keywords


Stunting; risk factors; tidal area

Full Text:

PDF

References


Word Health Organization. Nutrition Landscape Information System (NLIS) Country Profile Indicators Interpretation Guide. In Switzerland: WHO Press, World Health Organization; 2010.

Badan Penelitian Dan Pengembangan. Riset Kesehatan Dasar. 2013.

UNICEF Indonesia. Ringkasan Kajian Gizi Ibu dan Anak [Internet]. Available from: http://www.unicef.org

Crookston B et al. Children Who Recover from Early Stunting and Children Who Are Not Stunted Demonstrate Similar Levels of Cognition. Am Soc Nutr. 2010;

UNICEF. Improving Child Nutrition: The achievable imperative for global progress. 2013;

Roopa D, Sampavi S, Sabu SR, Prasad R. Nutritional Status of Children Aged 3-6 Years in a Rural Area of Tamilnadu. 2014;10–3.

Marfai MA, Cahyadi A, Kasbullah AA, Hudaya LA, Tarigan DR. Dampak bencana banjir pesisir dan adaptasi masyarakat terhadapnya di kabupaten pekalongan. Makal dalam Pekan Ilm Tah Ikat Geogr Indones (PIT IGI). 2014;(2009).

Sekartuti D. Kementerian Kesehatan RI, Riskesdas dalam Angka Provinsi Jawa Tengah 2013. Cetakan Pe. Hermas Susilwati PN, editor. Vol. 7. Lembaga Penerbitan Bandan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2013.

Dinas Kesehatan KotaPekalongan. Data Puskesmas Kusuma Bangsa Kota Pekalongan. Kota Pekalongan; 2016.

Vaozia SN. Faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada anak usia 1-2 tahun (studi di Desa Menduran Kecamatan Brati Kabupaten Grobogan). J Nutr colage. 2016;5(4):314–20.

Budiyanto MAK. Dasar Dasar Ilmu Gizi. Malang: UMM Pres; 2004. 40-41 p.

Mikhail WZA, Sobhy HM, El-sayed HH, Khairy SA, Abusalem HYH SM. Effect of Nutritional Status on Growth Pattern of Stunted Preschool Children in Egypt. Acad J Nutr [Internet]. 2013;2(1):01–9. Available from: http://www.idosi.org/ajn/2(1)13/1.pdf.

Achmadi UF. Kesehatan Masyarakat Teori dan Aplikasi. Jakarta: Raha Grafindo; 2013.

Hidayati L, Hadi H KA. Kekurangan Energi dan Zat Gizi Merupakan Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunted Pada Anak Usia 1-3 Tahun yang Tinggal di Wilayah Kumuh Perkotaan Surakarta. J Kesehat. 2010;3:89–104.

Aubuchon‐Endsley NL, Grant SL, Berhanu G, Thomas DG, Schrader SE ED. Hemoglobin, growth, and attention of infants in southern Ethiopia. Child Dev. 2011;4(82):1238–51.

Oktarina R. Hubungan Berat Lahir dan Faktor-faktor lainnya dengan kejadian Stunting pada Balita Usia 24-59 Bulan di Provinsi Aceh, Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Selatan, dan Lampung Tahun 2010 (Analisis Data Riskesdas 2010). Universitas Indonesia; 2012.

Schmidt CW. Beyond malnutrtion: the roleof sanitation in stunted growth. Environ-mental Health Perspectives. 2014;11. Available from: http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov.

Checkley W, Epstein LD, Gilman RH CL and BR. Effects of Acute Diarrhea on Linear Growth in Peruvian Childreen. Am J Epidemiol. 2003;

Rinda Yuniarisa. Hubungan Malnutrisi dan Diare [Internet]. 2014. Available from: https://www.academia.edu/6115047/BAB_1

Jones KD et al. Mesalazine in the initial management of severely acutely malnourished children with environmental enteric dysfunction: a pilot randomized controlled trial. BMC Med. 2014;12:33.

Roudhotun NAM. Faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24 – 36 bulan di kecamatan Semarang Timur. J Nutr Coll. 2012;1(1):176–84.

Stewart CP, Lannotti L, Dewey KG, Michaelsen KF and OA. Contextualising complementary feeding in a broader framework for stunting prevention. Matern Child Nutr. 2013;9(2):27–45.

Dewey KG MD. Early Child Growth: How do nutrition and infection interact? Maternal and child nutrition [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2018 Apr 10]. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/

Rismawati B. Hubungan variasi iklim dengan kejadian pneuonia pada balita di Kota Semarang Tahun 2011-2015 (Studi Kasus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bandarharjo). J Kesehat Masy. 2016;4(5).

Gyorkos TW, Maheu-Giroux M, Casapia M, Joseph SA C-KH. Stunting and Helminth Infection in Early Preschool-Age Children in A Resource-Poor Community in the Amazon Lowlands of Peru. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2011;105:204–8.

Zulkoni. Parasitologi. Yogyakarta: Nuha Media; 2011.

Fikadu, T., Assegid, S. & Dube L. Factor associated with stunting among children age 24 to 59 months in Meskan District, Gurage Zone, South Ethiopia: A case-control study. BMC Public Heal. 2014;14.

Goldblum RM, Garofalo RP The Mucosal Defense System. Dalam: Stiehm ER, Ochs HD, Winkelstein JA penyunting. Immunologic Disorder in Infants & Children, edisi ke-5. Philadelphia Elsevier Inc. 2004;205–244.

Hastuti D, Sebho K LY. Hubungan karakteristik sosial ekonomirumah tangga dengan pemenuhan hakanak di wilayah dampingan Plan International Indonesia Program Unit Sikka, NusaTenggara Timur. 2010;2(3):154–63.

Soekirman. Ilmu Gizi dan Aplikasinya untuk Keluarga dan Masyarakat. Direktorat Jendral Pendidikan Tinggi Departemen Pendidikan Nasional; 2000.

Khoirun Ni’mah SRN. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Media Gizi Indones. 2015;10(1):13–9.

Nasikhah R. Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Usia 24-36 Bulan di Kecamatan Semarang Timur. Universitas Diponegoro.; 2012.

Astari LD, Nasoetion A DC. Hubungan Karakteristik Keluarga, Pola Pengasuhan dan Kejadian Stunting Anak Usia 6-12 Bulan. 2005;2(29):40–6.

Kolbrek M. Malnutrition and associated risk factors in children aged 6-59 months in urban Indonesia. University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; 2011.

Umboh A. Berat lahir rendah dan tekanan darah pada anak. Jakarta: Sagung Seto; 2013.

Anugraheni HS. Faktor Risiko Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia 12-36 Bulan di Kecamatan Pati,Kabupaten Pati. Universitas Diponegoro Semarang; 2012.

Kusharisupeni. Peran Status Kelahiran Terhadap Stunting Pada Bayi : Sebuah Studi Prospektif. J Kedokt Trisakti. 2002;(23):73–80.

Kiely JL, Yu S RD. Low Birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation. CDC public Heal Surveill women, infants Child. 2013;

Wuri Rekawati Susiloningrum. Hubungan pengetahuan ibu dan status imunisasi dengan status gizi balita 2-3 tahun (Studi di Puskesmas Klego 1 Boyolali). Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta; 2017.

Ranuh D. Buku Imunisasi di Indonesia. Jakarta: Satgas Imunisasi IDA; 2001.

Hendrayati, Aswita, A. dan D. Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kejadian Wasting Pada Anak Balita di Kecamatan Marioriwawo Kabupaten Soppeng. Media Gizi Pangan. 2013;15(1):56–61




DOI: https://doi.org/10.31983/jrg.v7i2.5179

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 3359
Download PDF : 3061

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.





Abstracted/Indexed by :

      

   

 Lisensi Creative Commons

Jurnal Riset Gizi oleh http://ejournal.poltekkes-smg.ac.id/ojs/index.php/jrg disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional.

View My Stats