Analisis Hubungan Asupan Protein, Zat Besi, Vitamin C, Status Gizi, dan Frekuensi Kemoterapi terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin Pasien Kanker Payudara
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31983/jrg.v13i2.13206Keywords:
Breast Cancer, Nutrient Intake, Nutritional Status, Chemotherapy FrequencyAbstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in Indonesia and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Low hemoglobin levels are a common negative prognostic factor in cancer patients, influenced by chemotherapy, nutritional status, and deficiencies in hemoglobin-forming nutrients.
Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between protein, iron, and vitamin C intake, nutritional status, and frequency of chemotherapy with hemoglobin levels in breast cancer patients, and to assess differences in the consumption of nutrient-rich food sources between patients with low and normal hemoglobin levels at Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied from 11 November to 6 December 2024 involving 90 purposively selected respondents. Data were collected through interviews using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Correlation analyses were performed using Pearson and Spearman tests, while differences were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test.
Results: Most respondents were in early elderly age (45–59 years). A significant and strong correlation was found between protein, iron, and vitamin C intake and hemoglobin levels (p=0.0001), while nutritional status (p=0.090) and frequency of chemotherapy (p=0.222) were not significantly associated with hemoglobin levels. Significant differences were found in the consumption of chicken (p=0.006), chicken liver (p=0.006), tempeh (p=0.046), spinach (p=0.010), guava (p=0.000), and papaya (p=0.032) between patients with low and normal hemoglobin levels.
Conclusion: Indicating that protein, iron, and vitamin C intake were associated with hemoglobin levels, while nutritional status and chemotherapy frequency were not.
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