Efek Suplementasi Probiotik terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Dewasa Overweight

Dwi Sarbini; Arini Dewi Safitri; Winda Wahyu Pratiwi

doi:10.31983/jrg.v13i1.12653

Efek Suplementasi Probiotik terhadap Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Dewasa Overweight

Dwi Sarbini, Arini Dewi Safitri, Winda Wahyu Pratiwi

Abstract

Perubahan kebiasaan makan serta ketersediaan berbagai macam makanan tinggi energi membuat obesitas dan overweight menjadi salah satu masalah serius. Prevalensi obesitas di Indonesia pada usia 18 tahun ke atas tergolong tinggi (23,4%) berdasarkan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (2023). IMT membantu memantau status gizi pada dewasa gizi lebih dengan mudah. Gizi lebih ditandai dengan nilai IMT ≥25,0 kg/m² untuk overweight dan ≥30,0 kg/m² untuk obesitas. Orang dengan obesitas atau overweight memiliki rasio bakteri Firmicutes lebih banyak. Firmicutes meningkatkan penyimpanan energi di jaringan adiposa. Probiotik dapat memanipulasi mikrobiota usus untuk memulihkan ketidakseimbangan rasio bakteri Firmicutes sehingga dapat mengatasi gizi lebih. Untuk mengetahui efek suplementasi probiotik terhadap IMT dewasa gizi lebih. Menggunakan metode Literature Review terhadap 7 artikel desain penelitian Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) 10 tahun terakhir (2014-2024) dipilih dari Pubmed dan Google Scholar reputasi internasional (Q1-Q4) dan nasional (S1-S3). Kata kunci digunakan probiotics, obesity, BMI, body mass index, probiotik, obesitas, IMT. Sebanyak 5 artikel (71.42%) menyatakan ada penurunan IMT yang signifikan pada dewasa gizi lebih setelah suplementasi probiotik. Suplementasi probiotik dapat memberikan efek penurunan IMT signifikan pada penderita gizi lebih diimbangi dengan dosis 10⁷ hingga 10⁹ dan durasi pemberian 9-12 minggu atau jenis probiotik lebih dari satu.

Keywords

Dewasa; Indeks Massa Tubuh; Obesitas; Overweight, Probiotik.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31983/jrg.v13i1.12653