PENGARUH MEROKOK TERHADAP LAJU ALIRAN SALIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31983/jkg.v5i2.3860Keywords:
duration smoking, number of cigarette, salivary flow rate, Laju Aliran Saliva, MerokokAbstract
TITLE
THE EFFECT OF SMOKING TO SALIVARY FLOW RATE
ABSTRACT
Smoking is a habbit which is commonly found and it is the biggest threat for future world’s health. Nicotine is toxic components that is the most widely contained in cigarette. Prolonged exposure to nicotine on salivary gland is a causative factor of pathological processes or morphological and functional abnormalities of salivary gland, especially acinar cells and myoepithelial cells.
The purpose of research to know the representation salivary flow rate smokers and the influence of smoking duration and number of cigarettes which are smoked to the salivary flow rate. This study was an analytical survey with cross sectional design. Total samples 90 persons were taken proportionally and divide into 9 criteria. Collecting unstimulated salivary used spitting method. Data analysis used the krusskal-wallis test and pos hoc mann-whitney.
The mean (SD±) salivary flow rate were 0,36 (±0,207) ml/min in smokers and  krusskal-wallis test to looked the influences of salivary flow rate showed a value of p< 0,05 (p=0,012). The study showed that there were significant influence between smoking duration and number of cigarettes which are smoked with the salivary flow rate.References
Yanbaeva, DG., Dentener, MA., Creutzberg, EC., Wesseling, G., Wouters, EFM. Systemic Effect of Smoking. Chest. 2002: 131(5).
Ng, Marie., Freeman, MK., Fleming, TD., Robinson, M., et al. Smoking Prevalence and Cigarette Consumption in 187 Contries, 1980-2012. JAMA:311(2); 183-192.
World Health Organization. Tobacco. Key Fact. 2013. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs339/en/ diakses tanggal 05/05/2014.
Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementrian Kesehatan RI (Infodatin). Perilaku Merokok Masyarakat Indonesia, 2013.
Buletin Data dan Informasi Kesehatan. Penyakit Tidak Menular. Kementrian Kesehatan RI, 2012.
Jha, Prabhat., Peto, Richard. Global Effect of Smoking, of Quitting and of Taxing Tobacco. The New Eng J of Med. 2014 ; 370: 60-8.
Slaughter, e., Gerberg, RM., Wanatabe, K., Rudolp,J., Stransky, C., Novotny, TE. Toxicity of Cigarette Butts, and Their Chemical Components, to Marine and Freshwater Fish. Press Release. 2011 ; 20 (Suppl 1) : 125-129.
Singh, M., Ingle,NA., Kaur, N., Yadav, P., Ingle, E. Effect long Term Smoking on Slivary Flow Rate and Salivary Ph. Indian Ass of Pub Health Dent. 2016; 13 (1) IP: 180.254.129.183.
Rad, M., Kakoie, S., Brojeni, FN., Pourdamghan, N. Effect Long-term Smoking on Whole mouth Salivary Flow Rate and Oral Health. JDDD. 2010; Vol 4, No 4 Autum.
DyaSanoor, S., Saddu, SC. Association of Xerostomia and Assessment of Salivary Flow Using Modified Schirmer Test Among Smokers and Healthy Individuals: A Apreliminutesary Study. J of Clin and Diag Res. 2014; Vol-8(1). 211-213.
Jung,J-W., Choi,J-K., Byun, J-B. Effect of Chronic Nicotine Administration on Salivary Gland in Mice: Immunohistochemical Study. JOMP.2014; 39(3):83-89.
V.Z, Fenol-Palomeres. C., et al. Unstimulated Salivary Flow Rate, ph &Buffer Capacity of Saliva in Healthy Volunteer. Rev Esp Enferm DIG. 2004; Vol 6 (11). 773-783.
Alves, C., Brandao, M., Andion, J., Menezes, R. Use of Graduated Syringes for Measuring Salivary Flow Rate : A Pilot Study. Braz Dent J. 2010; 21 (5).
Dyasanoor, S., Saddu, SC. Association of Xerostomia and Assement of Salivary Flow Using Modified Schirmer Test Among Smokers and Healthy Individuals : A Preliminutesary Study. J of Crin and Diag Res. 2014 ; Vol 8 (1) : 211-213.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. that allows others to share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format and adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
