Effectiveness of Automated External Defibrillator Drones for Handling Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA): Literature Review

Authors

  • Nurhayati Nurhayati Poltekkes Banjarmasin
  • Ria Roswita Poltekkes Banjarmasin

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31983/manr.v6i2.12155

Keywords:

Drone AED, EMS, Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest or OHCA represents a significant burden of disease globally. The number of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests reaches 360,000 events every year. Treatment for cardiac arrest requires immediate defibrillation to increase the survival rate of OHCA patients. One method that can be used is by sending AEDs using drones. It is hoped that sending and using AEDs via drones can increase the rate of AED application and reduce defibrillation time.

Methods: This study is a literature review which aims to determine the effectiveness of AED drones for treating out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). This literature review analyzes 10 articles originating from journal databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed and Science Direct with the keywords "Drone AED", "EMS". And “Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrestâ€.

Results: The results of the analysis show that AEDs delivered with an Unnamed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) system using drones can reduce the time for administering defibrillation immediately before health workers arrive. Success in treating OHCA and a higher chance of life, AED delivery by drone can also save costs. to send an EMS ambulance

Conclusion: Based on the results of the analysis of several articles, it was concluded that AED drones were effective in delivering AEDs in cases of Out-Of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) which occurred in remote areas or far from public locations. AEDs delivered using an Unnamed Aerial Vehicle (UAV) system using drones can reduce the time to provide defibrillation immediately before health workers arrive, resulting in success in treating OHCA and a higher chance of life. AED delivery by drone can also save the costs required to send an EMS ambulance. However, there are several obstacles that can be found from several articles, namely that sending AEDs requires a flight permit from the government, the design of drones for AEDs must be appropriate, and in bad weather sending AEDs by drone can be hampered. Therefore, further research needs to be carried out to provide a solution for sending AED drones during extreme weather.

References

Bauer, J., Moormann, D., Strametz, R., & Groneberg, D. A. (2021). Development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks delivering early defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in areas lacking timely access to emergency medical services (EMS) in Germany: A comparative economic study. BMJ Open, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043791

Choi, D. S., Hong, K. J., Shin, S. do, Lee, C. G., Kim, T. H., Cho, Y., Song, K. J., Ro, Y. S., Park, J. H., & Kim, K. H. (2021). Effect of topography and weather on delivery of automatic electrical defibrillator by drone for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Scientific Reports, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03648-3

Lim, J. C. L., Loh, N., Lam, H. H., Lee, J. W., Liu, N., Yeo, J. W., & Ho, A. F. W. (2022). The Role of Drones in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Scoping Review. In Journal of Clinical Medicine (Vol. 11, Issue 19). MDPI. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195744

Mermiri, M. I., Mavrovounis, G. A., & Pantazopoulos, I. N. (2020). Drones for Automated External Defibrillator Delivery: Where Do We Stand? Journal of Emergency Medicine, 59(5), 660–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.07.027

Rees, N., Howitt, J., Breyley, N., Geoghegan, P., & Powel, C. (2021). A simulation study of drone delivery of Automated External Defibrillator (AED) in out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) in the UK. PLoS ONE, 16(11 November). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259555

Schierbeck, S., Nord, A., Svensson, L., Rawshani, A., Hollenberg, J., Ringh, M., Forsberg, S., Nordberg, P., Hilding, F., & Claesson, A. (2021). National coverage of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests using automated external defibrillator-equipped drones — A geographical information system analysis. Resuscitation, 163, 136–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.040

Schierbeck, S., Svensson, L., & Claesson, A. (2022). Use of a Drone-Delivered Automated External Defibrillator in an Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. New England Journal of Medicine, 386(20), 1953–1954. https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmc2200833

Zègre-Hemsey, J. K., Grewe, M. E., Johnson, A. M., Arnold, E., Cunningham, C. J., Bogle, B. M., & Rosamond, W. D. (2020). Delivery of Automated External Defibrillators via Drones in Simulated Cardiac Arrest: Users’ Experiences and the Human-Drone Interaction. Resuscitation, 157, 83–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.10.006

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Published

2024-09-29

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): September 2024

Section

literature review

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