Lingkungan Perkotaan, Koping, Resiliensi, Dan Kecemasan Kehamilan: Tinjauan Sistematis
Keywords:
lingkungan perkotaan, kecemasan kehamilan, koping, resiliensi, urban environment, pregnancy anxiety, coping, resilience, systematic literature review, tinjauan literatur sistematisAbstract
Lingkungan perkotaan dengan paparan stres fisik, sosial, dan ekonomi yang kompleks berpotensi meningkatkan risiko kecemasan kehamilan. Mekanisme psikologis yang mendasari hubungan tersebut masih belum dipahami secara komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai hubungan antara lingkungan perkotaan, strategi koping, resiliensi, dan kecemasan kehamilan melalui systematic literature review berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada basis data Scopus dan Google Scholar terhadap artikel berbahasa Inggris yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2016–2025. Sebanyak 312 artikel teridentifikasi pada tahap awal pencarian, dan setelah proses seleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, diperoleh 9 studi yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan narrative synthesis. Penilaian kualitas studi dilakukan menggunakan Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa tekanan sosial-ekonomi, kondisi lingkungan tempat tinggal, dan paparan stres kronis berkaitan dengan peningkatan kecemasan selama kehamilan. Selain itu, strategi koping adaptif dan resiliensi yang lebih tinggi berpotensi berperan sebagai mekanisme protektif terhadap distress psikologis. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa kecemasan kehamilan dipengaruhi oleh interaksi faktor lingkungan dan mekanisme adaptasi psikologis.
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