Jaringan Laboratorium Medis

Vol 8 No 2 (2026): November 2026
Artikel Hasil Penelitian

Formulasi dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Sabun Gel Ekstrak Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus

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  • Muhammad Faruqi Perdana,
  • Vonny Kurnia Utama,
  • Lerysa Fernanda,
  • Diana Puspita Sari
Muhammad Faruqi Perdana
Universitas Abdurrab Pekanbaru
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31983/jlm.v8i2.15201

Diterbitkan 2026-10-01

Kata Kunci

  • Kulit Nanas,
  • Bromelain,
  • Sabun,
  • Staphylococcus aureus

Cara Mengutip

Muhammad Faruqi Perdana, Kurnia Utama, V., Fernanda, L., & Sari, D. P. (2026). Formulasi dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Sabun Gel Ekstrak Kulit Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Jaringan Laboratorium Medis, 8(2), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.31983/jlm.v8i2.15201

Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Jaringan Laboratorium Medis

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Abstrak

Pemanfaatan bahan alam sebagai sumber antibakteri alami semakin banyak dikembangkan, diantaranya terhadap  kulit nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) yang diketahui kaya akan zat aktif alami yang berperan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Penelitian eksperimental ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sediaan sabun gel berbasis ekstrak kulit nanas dan mengevaluasi kualitas fisik serta aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Formula yang diuji terdiri atas empat variasi konsentrasi ekstrak, yaitu 0%, 0,5%, 1%, dan 1,5% yang masing-masing dinyatakan sebagai F0, F1, F2, dan F3. Uji aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar sumuran dalam tiga kali pengulangan. Data diameter zona hambat dianalisis menggunakan uji Shapiro–Wilk, Levene, one-way ANOVA, dan dilanjutkan dengan uji post-hoc Tukey HSD. Evaluasi sediaan dilakukan pada hari ke-1, 7, 14, 21, dan 28 meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, viskositas, daya sebar, dan stabilitas busa. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa seluruh formula berbentuk semisolid, homogen, berwarna jernih hingga kuning pekat, serta memiliki aroma khas nanas. Nilai pH sediaan berkisar 5,49–7,04, viskositas 8230,00–15606,67 cPs, daya sebar 4,17–6,40 cm, dan stabilitas busa 64,40–87,73%. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa seluruh formula memiliki aktivitas penghambatan terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dalam kategori kuat dengan rata-rata diameter zona hambat berturut-turut yaitu K+ (14,6±0,15 mm), F0 (15,8±0,40 mm), F1 (16,2±0,55 mm), F2 (16,7±0,25 mm), dan F3 (17,3±0,15 mm). Hasil one-way ANOVA menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok (p<0,05) Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, sabun gel ekstrak kulit nanas memiliki karakteristik fisik yang Stabil dan menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, dengan aktivitas terbaik pada konsentrasi ekstrak 1,5%. aktivitas antibakteri tersebut tidak dapat sepenuhnya diatribusikan pada ekstrak kulit nanas karena formula dasar juga mengandung sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) yang dapat berkontribusi terhadap aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar pengembangan formulasi sabun gel berbahan kulit nanas, dengan penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk mengidentifikasi kontribusi spesifik ekstrak terhadap aktivitas antibakteri.

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