HUBUNGAN ANTARA INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT), ASUPAN ZAT GIZI DAN RIWAYAT REPRODUKSI DENGAN KEPADATAN MINERAL TULANG PADA WANITA PRE MENOPAUSE
Abstract
Jumlah wanita pre menopause yang menderita osteoporosis belum diketahui secara pasti tetapi risiko osteoporosis pada wanita cukup tinggi. Menganalisis hubungan antara Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), asupan zat gizi dan riwayat reproduksi dengan kepadatan mineral tulang pada wanita pre menopause Rancangan penelitian crosssectional, berlokasi di kecamatan Genuk, Semarang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik cluster random sampling dan subyek penelitian sebanyak 60 orang. IMT dihitung berdasarkan berat badan (kg)/ tinggi badan (m)2, asupan zat gizi diukur dengan kuesioner food frequency semi kuantitatif, riwayat reproduksi dengan kuesioner dan kepadatan mineral tulang dengan ultra sound bone densitometry. MT subyek penelitian 43,3 % kategori normal. Tingkat kecukupan vitamin A,C,D; mineral Ca dan Fe tergolong rendah,sedangkan protein dan P tergolong cukup. Rerata usia pertama kali menstruasi 12,7 tahun + 1,33, rerata paritas 2,2 kali + 0,79, rerata usia pertama kali hamil 23,9 tahun + 3,62 dan rerata lama menyusui 19,3 bulan + 7,36. Rerata t-score Kepadatan mineral tulang -1,31 + 1,17 dan sebagian besar subyek penelitian (50%) termasuk osteopenia, 30 % normal dan 20% osteoporosis. Semua variabel independen tidak ada yang berhubungan dengan t-score kepadatan mineral tulang, akan tetapi ada kecenderungan positif pada IMT; asupan protein; vitamin A, D;mineral Ca,P,Fe; usia pertama hamil dan lama menyusui. Kecenderungan negatif pada vitamin C, menarche dan paritas. IMT, asupan zat gizi dan riwayat reproduksi tidak berhubungan dengan kepadatan mineral tulang, hanya umur yang bekorelasi negatif dengan kepadatan mineral tulang.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.31983/jrk.v5i2.1569
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